The structure and sealing principle of skeleton oil seals.

Release Time:

2025-03-26

The skeleton oil seal is relatively simple, generally consisting of three parts

The structure and sealing principle of skeleton oil seals.

The skeleton oil seal is relatively simple, generally consisting of three parts: the seal body, the reinforcing skeleton, and the self-tightening helical spring. The sealing body is further divided into bottom, waist, edge, and sealing lip according to different parts. Typically, in the free state, the inner diameter of the skeleton oil seal is smaller than the shaft diameter, i.e., it has a certain "interference fit". Therefore, after the oil seal is installed in the oil seal seat and on the shaft, the pressure of the oil seal edge and the contraction force of the self-tightening helical spring exert a certain radial clamping force on the shaft. After a period of operation, this pressure will quickly decrease or even disappear; therefore, adding a spring can compensate for the self-tightening force of the seal at any time.

Sealing principle: Due to the oil film controlled by the oil seal edge between the oil seal and the shaft, this oil film has fluid lubrication characteristics. Under the action of the surface tension of the liquid, the stiffness of the oil film just forms a crescent at the end where the oil film contacts the air, preventing leakage of the working medium and thus achieving sealing of the rotating shaft. The sealing capacity of the oil seal depends on the thickness of the oil film on the sealing surface. If the thickness is too large, the oil seal will leak; if the thickness is too small, dry friction may occur, causing wear and tear on the oil seal and shaft; if there is no oil film between the sealing lip and the shaft, heat and wear are easily generated. Therefore, during installation, some oil must be applied to the sealing ring, and at the same time, ensure that the skeleton oil seal is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. If it is not perpendicular, the sealing lip of the oil seal will drain the lubricating oil from the shaft, which will also lead to excessive wear of the sealing lip. During operation, it is ideal for a slight seepage of lubricant from the housing to form an oil film at the sealing surface.

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